Which law provides protection against discrimination in employment based on genetic information?

The law that provides protection against discrimination in employment based on genetic information is known as GINA, which stands for the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act. This federal legislation was enacted in 2008 to prohibit discrimination in health insurance and employment based on genetic information.

GINA's primary purpose is to prevent employers from using an individual's genetic information, including family history, to make decisions about hiring, firing, job promotions, or other terms of employment. This is particularly important given the increasing availability of genetic testing and the potential for misuse of genetic information that could negatively affect an individual's employment opportunities or workplace treatment.

The other laws listed, while relevant in the broader context of healthcare and compliance, do not specifically address discrimination based on genetic information. The FCA (False Claims Act) deals with fraud against government programs, the AKS (Anti-Kickback Statute) concerns healthcare fraud and abuse related to referrals, and HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) focuses on the privacy and security of health information, not employment discrimination. Thus, GINA is the correct choice for this question regarding protection against employment discrimination based on genetic information.