Which act established the Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program?

The Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program was established by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. This program was created to coordinate federal, state, and local efforts to combat health care fraud and abuse, and it provided enforcement agencies like the Department of Justice and the Department of Health and Human Services with the tools necessary to investigate and prosecute fraud in the healthcare system effectively. The Act created the framework that allowed for the recovery of funds lost due to fraudulent activities and established mechanisms to penalize those who commit health care fraud.

The other acts mentioned also have their respective purposes, but they do not specifically address the establishment of the Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program. For instance, the Affordable Care Act does implement numerous reforms to improve health care delivery and insurance coverage, while the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act focuses on economic stimulus measures. The Medicare Modernization Act primarily aimed at expanding Medicare benefits and prescription drug coverage. Therefore, HIPAA stands out as the legislative act directly related to health care fraud and abuse control initiatives.